Installare una distro da penna USB

#!/bin/bash
## Rende avviabile una USB stick con una immagine ISO
## Tradotto da skydiamond nel novembre 2008 (http://skydiamond.org)
# Copyright 2007  Red Hat, Inc.
# Jeremy Katz
# Jani Monoses  (slightly adapted to Ubuntu LiveCD)
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU Library General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
 
export PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:$PATH
 
usage() {
    echo "$0 [--reset-mbr] [--noverify]  "
    exit 1
}
 
cleanup() {
    [ -d "$CDMNT" ] && umount $CDMNT && rmdir $CDMNT
    [ -d "$USBMNT" ] && umount $USBMNT && rmdir $USBMNT
}
 
exitclean() {
    echo "Pulendo prima di uscire..."
    cleanup
    exit 1
}
 
getdisk() {
    DEV=$1
 
    p=$(udevinfo -q path -n $DEV)
    if [ -e /sys/$p/device ]; then
	device=$(basename /sys/$p)
    else
	device=$(basename $(readlink -f /sys/$p/../))
    fi
    if [ ! -e /sys/block/$device -o ! -e /dev/$device ]; then
	echo "Error finding block device of $DEV.  Aborting!"
	exitclean
    fi
 
    device="/dev/$device"
}
 
resetMBR() {
    getdisk $1
    cat /usr/lib/syslinux/mbr.bin > $device
}
 
checkMBR() {
    getdisk $1
 
    bs=$(mktemp /tmp/bs.XXXXXX)
    dd if=$device of=$bs bs=512 count=1 2>/dev/null || exit 2
 
    mbrword=$(hexdump -n 2 $bs |head -n 1|awk {'print $2;'})
    rm -f $bs
    if [ "$mbrword" = "0000" ]; then
	echo "MBR sembra vuoto."
	echo "Vuoi rimpiazzare il MBR su questo dispositivo?"
	echo "Premi INVIO per continuare o CTRL-C per abortire"
	read
	resetMBR $1
    fi
 
    return 0
}
 
checkPartActive() {
    dev=$1
    getdisk $dev
 
    # if we're installing to whole-disk and not a partition, then we
    # don't need to worry about being active
    if [ "$dev" = "$device" ]; then
	return
    fi
 
    if [ "$(/sbin/fdisk -l $device 2>/dev/null |grep $dev |awk {'print $2;'})" != "*" ]; then
	echo "La partizione non appare segnata come avviabile!"
	echo "Puoi rendere avviabile la partizione con "
        echo "    # /sbin/parted $device"
	echo "    (parted) toggle N boot"
	echo "    (parted) quit"
	exitclean
    fi
}
 
checkFilesystem() {
    dev=$1
 
    USBFS=$(/lib/udev/vol_id -t $dev)
    if [ "$USBFS" != "vfat" -a "$USBFS" != "msdos" -a "$USBFS" != "ext2" -a "$USBFS" != "ext3" ]; then
	echo "Il filesystem USB deve essere vfat o ext[23]"
	exitclean
    fi
 
    USBLABEL=$(/lib/udev/vol_id -u $dev)
    if [ -n "$USBLABEL" ]; then
	USBLABEL="UUID=$USBLABEL" ;
    else
	USBLABEL=$(/lib/udev/vol_id -l $dev)
	if [ -n "$USBLABEL" ]; then
	    USBLABEL="LABEL=$USBLABEL"
	else
	    echo "Bisogna impostare un'etichetta per il tuo dispositivo USB o una UUID"
	    if [ "$USBFS" = "vfat" -o "$USBFS" = "msdos" ]; then
		echo "L'etichetta puo' essere impostata tramite /sbin/dosfslabel"
	    elif [ "$USBFS" = "ext2" -o "$USBFS" = "ext3" ]; then
		echo "L'etichetta puo' essere impostata tramite /sbin/e2label"
	    fi
	    exitclean
	fi
    fi
}
 
checkSyslinuxVersion() {
    if [ ! -x /usr/bin/syslinux ]; then
	echo "Hai bisogno di avere installato syslinux per eseguire questo script"
	exit 1
    fi
    if ! syslinux 2>&1 | grep -qe -d; then
	SYSLINUXPATH=""
    else
	SYSLINUXPATH="syslinux"
	#menu texts are trimmed when syslinux is not in / no idea why
	SYSLINUXPATH=""
    fi
}
 
if [ $(id -u) != 0 ]; then
    echo "Devi essere root per eseguire questo script"
    exit 1
fi
 
while [ $# -gt 2 ]; do
    case $1 in
	--noverify)
	    noverify=1
	    ;;
	--reset-mbr|--resetmbr)
	    resetmbr=1
	    ;;
	*)
	    usage
	    ;;
    esac
    shift
done
 
ISO=$1
USBDEV=$2
 
if [ -z "$ISO" -o ! -e "$ISO" ]; then
    usage
fi
 
if [ -z "$USBDEV" -o ! -b "$USBDEV" ]; then
    usage
fi
 
if [ -z "$noverify" ]; then
    # verify the image
    echo "Non sto verificando l'immagine...(no checkisomd5 in Ubuntu so skipping)!"
    #checkisomd5 --verbose $ISO
    if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
	echo "Sei sicuro di voler continuare?"
	echo "Premi INVIO per continuare o CTRL-C per abortire"
	read
    fi
fi
 
# do some basic sanity checks.
checkSyslinuxVersion
checkFilesystem $USBDEV
checkPartActive $USBDEV
checkMBR $USBDEV
[ -n $resetmbr ] && resetMBR $USBDEV
 
# FIXME: would be better if we had better mountpoints
CDMNT=$(mktemp -d /media/cdtmp.XXXXXX)
mount -o loop $ISO $CDMNT || exitclean
USBMNT=$(mktemp -d /media/usbdev.XXXXXX)
mount $USBDEV $USBMNT || exitclean
 
trap exitclean SIGINT SIGTERM
 
if [ -d $USBMNT/casper ]; then
    echo "Gia' presente una immagine live.  Cancellando la vecchia immagine in quindici secondi..."
    sleep 15
 
    rm -rf $USBMNT/casper
fi
 
echo "Copiando l'immagine live sulla USB stick"
if [ ! -d $USBMNT/$SYSLINUXPATH ]; then mkdir $USBMNT/$SYSLINUXPATH ; fi
 
for file in \
	 README.diskdefines md5sum.txt \
	.disk casper pool dists preseed install;do
	cp -a $CDMNT/$file $USBMNT/
done
 
cp $CDMNT/isolinux/* $USBMNT/$SYSLINUXPATH
 
echo "Installando il boot loader"
if [ "$USBFS" = "vfat" -o "$USBFS" = "msdos" ]; then
    # syslinux expects the config to be named syslinux.cfg
    # and has to run with the file system unmounted
    mv $USBMNT/$SYSLINUXPATH/isolinux.cfg $USBMNT/$SYSLINUXPATH/syslinux.cfg
    cleanup
    if [ -n "$SYSLINUXPATH" ]; then
	syslinux -d $SYSLINUXPATH $USBDEV
    else
	syslinux $USBDEV
    fi
elif [ "$USBFS" = "ext2" -o "$USBFS" = "ext3" ]; then
    # extlinux expects the config to be named extlinux.conf
    # and has to be run with the file system mounted
    mv $USBMNT/$SYSLINUXPATH/isolinux.cfg $USBMNT/$SYSLINUXPATH/extlinux.conf
    extlinux -i $USBMNT/$SYSLINUXPATH
    cleanup
fi
 
echo "Adesso sulla tua penna USB hai una immagine live!"

chmod +x isostick.sh